Talk abstracts
Talk on Friday 02:30-02:45pm submitted by Catherine Wilhelm
Bacterial RNA-free RNase P: structural and functional characterization of multiple oligomeric forms of a minimal protein-only ribonuclease P
Catherine Wilhelm (Department of Chemistry at the University of Michigan), Leena Mallik (Department of Chemistry at the University of Michigan, Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia), Abigail L. Kelly, Shayna B. Brotzman, Johnny Mendoza, Anna G. Anders (Department of Chemistry at the University of Michigan), Suada Leskaj, Carmen Castillo, Michael Cianfrocco (Department of Biological Chemistry at the University of Michigan), Brandon T. Ruotolo (Department of Chemistry at the University of Michigan), Markos Koutmos (Departments of Chemistry, Biological Chemistry, and Biophysics at the University of Michigan)
Abstract:
tRNAs are typically transcribed with extended 5’ and 3’ ends that must be removed before they attain their active form. One of the first steps of tRNA processing in nearly every organism is the removal of the 5’ leader sequence by ribonuclease P (RNase P). Here, we investigate a newly discovered class of RNase P enzymes, Homologs of Aquifex RNase P (HARPs). In contrast to other RNase Ps, HARPs consist only of a metallonuclease domain and lack the substrate recognition domains essential in other classes of RNase P enzymes. We determined the cryo-EM structure of A. aeolicus HARP (Aq880) and two crystal structures of H. thermophilus HARP (Hth1307) to reveal that both enzymes form large ring-like assemblies: a dodecamer in Aq880 and a tetradecamer in Hth1307. In both oligomers, the enzyme active site is 42 Å away from a positively charged helical region, as seen in other protein-only RNase P enzymes, which likely serves to recognize and bind the elbow region of the pre-tRNA substrate. In addition, we use native mass spectrometry (MS) to confirm and characterize the previously unreported tetradecamer state. Notably, we find that multiple oligomeric states of Hth1307 are able to cleave pre-tRNAs. Furthermore, our single-turnover kinetic studies indicate that Hth1307 cleaves pre-tRNAs from multiple species with a preference for native substrates. These data provide a closer look at the nuanced similarities and differences in tRNA processing across disparate classes of RNase P.
Keywords: tRNA processing, ribonuclease, structural biology