Poster abstracts
Poster number 161 submitted by Sihang Zhou
Cancer-associated snaR-A noncoding RNA interacts with core splicing machinery and disrupts processing of mRNA subpopulations
Sihang Zhou (Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Simon Lizarazo (Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Leela Mouli,Ruiying Cheng (School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Sandip Chorghade,Auinash Kalsotra (Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Rajendra K C (Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Kevin Van Bortle (Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)
Abstract:
RNA polymerase III (Pol III) activity in cancer is linked to the production of small noncoding (nc)RNAs that are otherwise silent in most tissues. snaR-A (small NF90-associated RNA isoform A) - a hominid-specific ncRNA shown to enhance cell proliferation, migration, and invasion - is a cancer-emergent Pol III product that remains largely uncharacterized despite promoting growth phenotypes. Here, we applied a combination of genomic and biochemical approaches to study the biogenesis and subsequent protein interactions of snaR-A and to better understand its role as a putative driver of cancer progression. By profiling the chromatin landscapes across a multitude of primary tumor types, we show that predicted snaR-A upregulation is broadly linked with unfavorable outcomes among cancer patients. At the molecular level, we unexpectedly discover widespread interactions between snaR-A and mRNA splicing factors, including SF3B2 - a core component of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP). We find that SF3B2 levels are sensitive to high snaR-A abundance and that depletion of snaR-A alone is sufficient to decrease intron retention levels across subpopulations of mRNA enriched for U2 snRNP occupancy. snaR-A sensitive genes are characterized by high GC content, close spatial proximity to nuclear bodies concentrated in pre-mRNA splicing factors, and functional enrichment for proteins involved in deacetylation and autophagy. We highlight examples of splicing misregulation and increased protein levels following snaR-A depletion for a wide-ranging set of factors, suggesting snaR-A-driven splicing defects may have far-reaching effects that reshape the cellular proteome. These findings clarify the molecular activities and consequences of snaR-A in cancer, and altogether establish a novel mechanism through which Pol III overactivity may promote tumorigenesis.
Keywords: ncRNA, Cancer, Splicing